Us House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
| Standing commission | |
|---|---|
Active  The states House of Representatives 117th Congress | |
 | |
| History | |
| Formed | 1927 |
| Leadership | |
| Chair | Carolyn Maloney (D) Since October 17, 2019[1] |
| Ranking member | James Comer (R) Since June 29, 2020 |
| Vice chair | Jimmy Gomez (D) Since December 19, 2019 |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 45 |
| Political parties | Majority (25)
|
| Subcommittees | |
| |
| Website | |
| oversight | |
The Committee on Oversight and Reform is the master investigative committee of the United states House of Representatives.
The committee's broad jurisdiction and legislative authority make information technology one of the virtually influential and powerful panels in the House. Its chairman is one of merely 3 in the House with the authorization to effect subpoenas without a committee vote or consultation with the ranking member.[2] However, in contempo history, it has become practise to refrain from unilateral subpoenas.[3]
Carolyn Maloney (D-New York) served as acting chair of the committee following the death of Elijah Cummings (D-Maryland) on October 17, 2019;[iv] [5] [6] she was elected chair a month later.[7] [8] Representative Jim Jordan served every bit ranking member from January 3, 2019, until March 12, 2020. On March 31, 2020, Jordan started his 2d stint as ranking member. Representative Marking Meadows served as ranking fellow member from March 13, 2020, until March thirty, 2020, when he resigned his congressional seat to go White Business firm Chief of Staff.[6] [9] Representative James Comer (R-Kentucky) was selected to succeed Meadows on June 29, 2020.
History [edit]
The panel at present known as the Commission on Oversight and Reform was originally the Commission on Expenditures in the Executive Departments, created in 1927 to consolidate 11 separate Committees on Expenditures that had previously overseen the spending of diverse departments of the federal government.[ten] [eleven]
The modernistic-twenty-four hours committee's firsthand predecessor, the Committee on Government Operations, was established in 1952.[10] The new name was intended to reverberate the commission'southward broad mission: to oversee "the operations of Government activities at all levels with a view to determining their economy and efficiency".[xi]
After Republicans gained control of the Firm in the 1994 elections, the committee was reorganized to include 7 subcommittees instead of fourteen. This reorganization consolidated the jurisdiction previously covered past iii total committees and resulted in a 50 percentage cutting in staff.[12] In 2007, a reorganization under a new Democratic majority combined the duties of the vii subcommittees into five.[13]
In the 106th Congress, the panel was renamed the Committee on Government Reform. While retaining the agenda of the former Committee on Government Operations, the new committee also took on the responsibilities of the old House Committee on the Post Office and Ceremonious Service and the Committee on the District of Columbia. On January 4, 2007, the 110th Congress renamed it the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. The name was changed again by the 116th Congress to its current iteration: the Committee on Oversight and Reform. Since 2007, information technology has been called the "Oversight Committee" for brusque.
Subpoena usage [edit]
In 1997, the Republican majority on the committee changed its rules to allow the chairman, Dan Burton (R-Indiana), to consequence subpoenas without the consent of the committee's ranking Democrat.[14] From 1997 to 2002, Burton used this dominance to result ane,052 unilateral subpoenas, many of them related to alleged misconduct by President Bill Clinton, at a toll of more than than $35 million.[xv]
By contrast, from 2003 to 2005, nether the chairmanship of Tom Davis (R-Virginia), the committee issued but iii subpoenas to the Bush-league administration.[15]
After Republicans retook the House in the 2010 elections, the new chairman, Darrell Issa (R-California), escalated the employ of subpoenas again, issuing more than 100 in four years during the Obama assistants.[16] That was more than the combined total issued past the previous three chairmen—Davis, Henry Waxman (D-California), and Edolphus Towns (D-New York)—from 2003 to 2010.[17]
Prominent hearings and investigations [edit]
Between 2000 and 2006, many major events and scandals in the Bush administration generated few or no subpoenas from the Republican-led commission. These events included the September 11 attacks; the leaking of classified information identifying Central Intelligence Agency agent Valerie Plame; CIA-backed abuses at Abu Ghraib prison; the Bush-league assistants claim that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction; illegal campaign contributions by lobbyists, including Jack Abramoff; deaths and harm due to the Federal Emergency Management Agency'southward weak response to Hurricane Katrina; and Philip Cooney's suppression of data demonstrating the existence of global warming. Subsequently the release of the Downing Street memo, which independent incriminating information on the buildup to the Iraq War, Democrats in the minority were refused a hearing bedroom and were forced to meet in the basement of the United states of america Capitol.[18]
However, under Davis's chairmanship from 2003 to 2007, the committee launched two controversial investigations. One of those investigations—triggered past the publication of Jose Canseco's memoir, Juiced—concerned the utilize of anabolic steroids by Major League Baseball game players.[ citation needed ]
In that investigation, which concerned the removal of a feeding tube from a adult female in a persistent vegetative state, the committee issued a subpoena requiring Schiavo to "appear" then that members could "examine nutrition and hydration which incapacitated patients receive as part of their care".[19] The apparent objective of this, beyond providing information to committee members, was to delay the pending withdrawal of life support from Schiavo, whose wishes were in dispute, while Congress considered legislation specifically targeted at her case. Members of the Autonomous minority opposed the action. Chairman Davis said it was "a legitimate legislative inquiry".[20]
The committee too investigated World Wrestling Entertainment'south wellness and drug policies, amid speculation about a possible link between steroid use and the expiry of WWE performer Chris Benoit.[21]
On July 8, 2009, committee Republicans released an investigative staff report discussing the financial crisis of 2007–2008. The study alleged that the government had caused the collapse by meddling in the United States' housing and lending market in the name of "affordable housing".[22]
In Feb 2012, the commission held a hearing on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act's mandate that would "require all employers to cover nascency control gratis of cost to women". Specifically, Republicans on the committee alleged that the Section of Health and Human Services's rules governing exemptions for religious institutions violated the Free Exercise Clause of the Constitution.[23] The chairman, Darrell Issa, said the hearing was "meant to be more broadly about religious freedom and not specifically nearly the contraception mandate in the Health Reform law".[24]
Later Aaron Swartz committed suicide on January 11, 2013, the committee investigated the Justice Section'due south actions in prosecuting Swartz on hacking charges.[25] On January 28, Issa and ranking member Elijah Cummings published a letter to Attorney Full general Eric Holder, questioning whether prosecutors had intentionally added felony counts to increase the amount of prison time Swartz faced.[26]
On July 10, 2022 a hearing was held past the U.s. House Oversight Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties entitled "Kids in Cages: Inhumane Treatment at the Border" on the "inhumane handling of children and families" inside child detention centers on the southern U.s.a. edge. Jamie Raskin (D-MD) chaired the session which included testimony from Yazmin Juarez, the female parent of Mariee who died at the age of 19 months while detained in a United States Immigration and Community Enforcement (ICE) center in Dilley, Texas.[27] In his opening argument Raskin said that "hundreds of thousands of people" have responded to the "harsh policies" by deciding to "migrate now before things get even worse".[28]
Members, 117th Congress [edit]
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
|
|
Resolutions electing members: H.Res. 9 (Chair), H.Res. 10 (Ranking Member), H.Res. 62 (D), H.Res. 63 (R), H.Res. 310 (D), H.Res. 789 (Removing Gosar), H.Res. 825 (D)
Subcommittees [edit]
The Committee on Oversight and Reform has six subcommittees.[29] [30]
| Subcommittee | Chair | Ranking Member |
|---|---|---|
| Civil Rights and Ceremonious Liberties | Jamie Raskin (D-MD) | Nancy Mace (R-SC) |
| Economic and Consumer Policy | Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL) | Michael Cloud (R-TX) |
| Environment | Ro Khanna (D-CA) | Ralph Norman (R-SC) |
| Authorities Operations | Gerry Connolly (D-VA) | Jody Hice (R-GA) |
| National Security | Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA) | Glenn Grothman (R-WI) |
| Coronavirus Crisis (Select) | Jim Clyburn (D-SC) | Steve Scalise (R-LA) |
Chair [edit]
| Chair | Political party | State | Years | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | William Williamson | Republican | South Dakota | 1927–1931 |
 | John J. Cochran | Autonomous | Missouri | 1931–1940 |
 | James A. O'Leary | Democratic | New York | 1940–1944 |
| Carter Manasco | Democratic | Alabama | 1944–1947 | |
 | Clare Hoffman | Republican | Michigan | 1947–1949 |
 | William L. Dawson | Democratic | Illinois | 1949–1953 |
| | Clare Hoffman | Republican | Michigan | 1953–1955 |
| | William L. Dawson | Autonomous | Illinois | 1955–1970 |
 | Chester E. Holifield | Democratic | California | 1970–1974 |
 | Jack Brooks | Democratic | Texas | 1975–1989 |
 | John Conyers | Democratic | Michigan | 1989–1995 |
 | William F. Clinger | Republican | Pennsylvania | 1995–1997 |
 | Dan Burton | Republican | Indiana | 1997–2003 |
 | Thomas M. Davis | Republican | Virginia | 2003–2007 |
 | Henry Waxman | Autonomous | California | 2007–2009 |
 | Edolphus Towns | Democratic | New York | 2009–2011 |
 | Darrell Issa | Republican | California | 2011–2015 |
 | Jason Chaffetz | Republican | Utah | 2015–2017 |
 | Trey Gowdy | Republican | Due south Carolina | 2017–2019 |
 | Elijah Cummings | Democratic | Maryland | 2019 |
 | Carolyn Maloney | Democratic | New York | 2019–nowadays |
Historical membership rosters [edit]
116th Congress [edit]
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
|
|
Sources: H.Res. 24 (Chair), H.Res. 25 (Ranking Fellow member), H.Res. 67 (D), H.Res. 68 (R)
Membership changes [edit]
- July 10, 2019: Fred Keller (R-PA) added to committee roster. H.Res. 481
- October 17, 2019: Chairman Elijah Cummings (D-Doc) passed abroad. Carolyn Maloney (D-NY) assumed interim Chairship.
- Nov three, 2019: Vice Chair Katie Hill (D-CA) resigned.[31]
- November 20, 2019: Carolyn Maloney elected permanent chair.[32] H.Res. 725
- December 19, 2019: Katie Porter (D-CA) and Deb Haaland (D-NM) added to committee roster. H.Res. 773
- February 27, 2020: Ro Khanna (D-CA) added to committee roster, ranking subsequently Harley Rouda. H.Res. 870
- March 21, 2020: Ranking Member Jim Jordan (R-OH) stepped down to presume the Ranking Membership of the Judiciary Committee; Marker Meadows (R-NC) assumes Ranking Membership.[33]
- March 30, 2020: Mark Meadows (R-NC) resigned to become White House Primary of Staff.[9] Jim Jordan resumes Ranking Membership temporarily.
- May 8, 2020: Kweisi Mfume (D-Doc) added to committee roster, ranking later Harley Rouda. H.Res. 954
- June 29, 2020: James Comer (R-KY) elected permanent Ranking Member.[34]
- July one, 2020: Gary Palmer (R-AL) added to committee roster, ranking later on Michael Deject. H.Res. 1037
- Subcommittees
| Subcommittee | Chair | Ranking Fellow member |
|---|---|---|
| Civil Rights and Civil Liberties | Jamie Raskin (D-Doctor) | Chip Roy (R-TX) |
| Economic and Consumer Policy | Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL) | Michael Cloud (R-TX) |
| Environment | Harley Rouda (D-CA) | James Comer (R-KY) |
| Government Operations | Gerry Connolly (D-VA) | Mark Meadows (R-NC)[nine] |
| National Security | Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA) | Jody Hice (R-GA) |
| Coronavirus Crisis (Select) | Jim Clyburn (D-SC) | Steve Scalise (R-LA) |
115th Congress [edit]
| Majority | Minority |
|---|---|
|
|
Sources: H.Res. half-dozen (Chair), H.Res. seven (Ranking Member), H.Res. 45 (D) H.Res. 51 (R), H.Res. 52, H.Res. 95 and H.Res. 127 (D)
Run into besides [edit]
- Listing of current United States Firm of Representatives committees
References [edit]
- ^ Acting Chair from October 17, 2022 – November twenty, 2019
- ^ Koempel, Michael (March 16, 2017). "A Survey of Business firm and Senate Committee Rules on Subpoenas" (PDF). Congressional Enquiry Service. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
- ^ "Cummings to Issa: Unilateral subpoenas, access to records" (PDF). January 24, 2011. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ Chiacu, Doina; Heavey, Susan (October 17, 2019). Lambert, Lisa (ed.). "Maloney to be interim House oversight chair after Cummings death". Reuters . Retrieved Oct 17, 2019.
- ^ "Cummings Named Oversight Commission Chairman" (Press release). Committee on Oversight and Reform. January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
- ^ a b "Oversight and Reform Members". House Committee on Oversight and Reform. Jan 28, 2015. Retrieved March seven, 2019.
- ^ "Maloney Elected Chair of House Committee on Oversight and Reform". House Committee on Oversight and Reform. Nov 20, 2019. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ Daly, Matthew (November twenty, 2019). "Maloney chosen as get-go woman to pb Firm Oversight panel". WCTI-TV. Associated Press. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ a b c Moe, Alex; Helsel, Phil (March xxx, 2020). "Rep. Mark Meadows resigns from Congress to become Trump's chief of staff". NBC News . Retrieved February 16, 2021.
- ^ a b "House Committee on Government Reform". princeton.edu . Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ^ a b "Oversight Plan". lobby.la.psu.edu . Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ^ "Committee on Government Reform: Background/History" (PDF). House.gov. May 20, 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on Dec 8, 2006. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ "Chairman Waxman Announces Committee Organization" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on January 31, 2007. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
- ^ Green, Joshua (Nov 7, 2018). "Republicans Weaponized the Business firm. Now, Democrats Will Employ It Against Trump". Bloomberg Businessweek . Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ^ a b Milbank, Dana (December eighteen, 2005). "Bush'due south Fumbles Spur New Talk of Oversight on Hill". The Washington Mail . Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ Wire, Sarah D. (July 17, 2017). "Darrell Issa was Obama's toughest critic. Here's why he'southward suddenly sounding like a moderate". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ^ "Cummings Objects To Issa 'Subpoena Binge' After Benghazi Taken Away From Oversight Committee". Firm Commission on Oversight and Reform. July 9, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ^ Kuhn, David Paul (June 17, 2005). "Only hearsay, or the new Watergate tapes?". Salon . Retrieved June xx, 2012.
- ^ "Davis to Schiavo subpoena" (PDF). Abstractappeal.com. March 18, 2005. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ Adair, Beak; Nohlgren, Stephen (March xix, 2005). "Republicans flex subpoena muscle". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ "Congress wants WWE's info on steroids, doping". MSNBC. July 28, 2007. Archived from the original on November 17, 2007. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ The Role of Authorities Affordable Housing Policy in Creating the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 Archived July xi, 2009, at the Wayback Auto
- ^ Pear, Robert (February 16, 2012). "Nascence Control Coverage Dominion Debated at Business firm Hearing". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ^ Smooth, Tom (February 16, 2012). "Rep. Darrell Issa Bars Minority Witness, a Woman, on Contraception". ABC News. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ Sasso, Brendan. "Lawmakers slam DOJ prosecution of Swartz every bit 'ridiculous, absurd'". Hillicon Valley. The hill. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
- ^ Zetter, Kim. "Congress Demands Justice Department Explain Aaron Swartz Prosecution | Threat Level". Wired.com. Retrieved February ane, 2013.
- ^ Jamie Raskin (July x, 2019). House hearing on weather condition in child detention centers (video). United States Firm Oversight Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties. Washington, DC: Guardian News. Retrieved July 11, 2019.
Ronald Vitiello, former principal of US Border Patrol and former acting director of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, also testifies.
- ^ Raskin, Jamie (July 10, 2019). "Chairman Raskin's Opening Statement at Subcommittee on Ceremonious Rights and Civil Liberties Hearing on Treatment of Immigrant Children". Retrieved July 11, 2019.
- ^ "Cummings Announces Subcommittee Chairs and Full Commission Vice Chair". House Commission on Oversight and Reform. January 24, 2019. Retrieved August xi, 2020.
- ^ "Committee on Oversight and Reform: Subcommittees – 116th Congress" (PDF) . Retrieved August 11, 2020.
- ^ Caygle, Heather; Bresnahan, John; Cheney, Kyle (October 27, 2019). "Rep. Katie Hill to resign amid allegations of inappropriate relationships with staffers". Politician . Retrieved February 16, 2021.
- ^ Ferris, Sarah (November xx, 2019). "Rep. Carolyn Maloney wins ballot to chair House Oversight Commission". Pol . Retrieved February 16, 2021.
- ^ Beavers, Olivia; Brufke, Julie Grace (February 6, 2020). "House Republicans move Jordan to Judiciary, Meadows to Oversight". The Hill . Retrieved Feb 16, 2021.
- ^ Zanona, Melanie (June 29, 2020). "GOP panel picks James Comer as top Republican on Oversight Committee". Politico . Retrieved Feb 16, 2021.
External links [edit]
- House Oversight and Authorities Reform Committee (Archive)
- Firm Oversight and Government Reform Committee. Legislation activity and reports, Congress.gov.
- House Oversight and Government Reform Committee Hearings and Meetings Video. Congress.gov.
- OMB Watch a authorities ethics and reform nonprofit bureau
- Plum Book, U.s.a. Authorities Policy Key Employees and Supporting Positions: About the Committee on Government Reform
- Records of the Government Operations Committee and its Predecessors at the National Archives and Records Assistants
schumanwhimen1991.blogspot.com
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Reform
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